A Clinical Analysis of the Perforating Ocular Injuries

The subject of ocular injuries is of great importance in military surgery, not only for scientific and human reasons but also from an economic standpoint. The authors analysed 59 cases of perforating ocular injuries who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, C.A.F.G.H. The results from these analyses were as follow: 1. The incidence of ocular perforating injuries was 16.4% of all patients who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology during last 15 months and was 45% of ocular injuries. 2. The incidence of perforating injuries that involved in one eye was 84.8% and involved in both eye was 15.2%. 3. The perforating ocular injuries were most common in spring(52.5%) and secondly in summer(28.8%). 4. The ocular perforation occured most frequently in the cornea(55.8%), followed by corneosclera(23.5%) and sclera(20.6%). 5. The most common cause of ocular perforating injuries was land mine(28.8%), followed by grenade(23.7%), gun(20.3%), bullet(10.2%) in frequency. 6. The incidence of multiple ocular perforations was relatively higher in land mine, grenade and blast injuries, and single perforations were observed more common in gun, bullet and secondary missile. 7. Other ocular manifestations accompanied by the ocular perforations were hyphema(60%), uveal prolapse(60%), followed by lid laceration, burn, conjunctival laceration, etc. 8. Prolapsed uveal tissue occured the highest frequency in the corneoscleral perforations, on the other ha.nd, intraocular foreign bodies in scleral perforations and traumatic cataracts in the corneal perforations. 9. The location of intraocular foreign bodies was most common in vitreous and outer coat(66.7%), followed by anterior chamber, lens and retroorbital space. 10. Final visual acuity over 20/200 accounted for 47.4% in the corneal perforations, 42.9% in the scleral perforations, 12.5% in the corneoscleral perforations.

Two Cases of Ocular Albinism

Ocular albinism is a rare condition of abnormality in the cellular metabolism of the product of melanin in the ocular tissue. This disease is transmitted as an imtermediate sex linked recessive. This condition was first described by Nettleship in 1909. In addition, many authors described this condition. The fundamentalelinical symptoms and signs are lowered visual acuity, photophobia, nystagmus, the yellow-orange color of the fundus with the choroidal vessels perfectly visible, absence of the foveal reflex and iris that transilluminates well with scleral illumination. Recently, we experienced two cases of typical ocular albinism.

Three Cases of Leber's Hereditary Optic Atrophy in One Family

The authors have experienced with three cases of Leber's hereditary optic atrophy one family which is a relatively rare condition characterized by acute or subacute failrure of central vision presenting as a retrobulbar neuritis or optic atrophy typically inypung males in late teens or in the early twenties, though the age range is very wide. The literature relating to Leber's hereditary optic atrophy was briefly reviewed.